Buyer's guide

Local and private document Q&A

How to choose a way to ask questions over your own documents, on your machine or in your own infrastructure, instead of sending them to a hosted answer engine. The groups separate installable apps, local runtimes, pipeline parts and hosted notebooks, and this index does not rank them.

How to choose

Who this is for. People who need to ask questions over private documents — contracts, research notes, internal wikis — and want to control where the data and the model run.

Who this is not for. Anyone who mainly wants web-wide answers with citations (see the research Q&A guide and the AI answer engines guide), or teams without the ability to run infrastructure locally.

Self-hosted apps with document chat

Apps you install and run yourself that combine a chat interface with document upload and local models. Unlike the runtimes next, they are a finished app, not a model runner you still have to wire to a chat window.

AI products
Select for comparisonNameCompanyCategoryBusiness modelLaunchedUpdatedMy shortlist
Open WebUI

Running models yourself

Open WebUI Platforms & Infrastructure Open (open weights/source) 2023 2026-10-10
LM Studio

Running models yourself

LM Studio Platforms & Infrastructure Free 2023 2026-10-10
Jan

Running models yourself Questions over your own documents

Menlo Research Platforms & Infrastructure Open (open weights/source) 2023 2026-10-13

Local runtimes and open models

Runtimes and open model families you can pair with your own interface to keep inference and data on your machine. Unlike the pipeline group below, they serve a model; they do not by themselves index, search and orchestrate a document corpus.

AI products
Select for comparisonNameCompanyCategoryBusiness modelLaunchedUpdatedMy shortlist
Ollama

Running models yourself

Ollama Platforms & Infrastructure Open (open weights/source) 2023-07 2026-10-10
Llama

Running models yourself

Meta Open Models Open (open weights/source) 2023-02 2026-09-04

Retrieval and pipeline building blocks

Components for teams that want to build their own retrieval pipeline — indexing, vector search and orchestration — over private documents. Unlike the hosted notebooks next, nothing here answers a question until you assemble and run it.

AI products
Select for comparisonNameCompanyCategoryBusiness modelLaunchedUpdatedMy shortlist
LlamaIndex

Automation agents Questions over your own documents

LlamaIndex Agents & Automation Open (open weights/source) 2022-11 2026-09-10
Dify

Running models yourself Questions over your own documents

LangGenius Platforms & Infrastructure Open (open weights/source) 2023 2026-10-10
Pinecone

Running models yourself

Pinecone Platforms & Infrastructure Freemium 2021-01 2026-10-09
Weaviate

Running models yourself

Weaviate Platforms & Infrastructure Open (open weights/source) 2019 2026-09-10
LangChain

Automation agents

LangChain Agents & Automation Open (open weights/source) 2022-10 2026-09-10

Cloud notebooks when offline is not required

Hosted options that do source-grounded question answering when you do not need the data to stay on your own machines. Unlike every group above, these are the choice you make only after deciding that local or self-hosted is not required.

AI products
Select for comparisonNameCompanyCategoryBusiness modelLaunchedUpdatedMy shortlist
NotebookLM

Everyday productivity

Google Productivity Free 2023-07 2026-10-10
Glean

Everyday productivity

Glean Productivity Paid 2021-09 2026-09-10

What was actually run

Executed on 2026-10-09 on one machine (macOS, arm64). The raw records are linked in full below.

One document, three small open models, two runtimes, the same five questions and the same settings. Every raw answer was kept exactly as produced. Only Ollama and llama.cpp were executed — no hosted product was tested.

Method

Run records

Run records
Run (UTC)RuntimeModelsResultRaw record
2026-10-09T11:33ZOllama 0.40.2 (darwin/arm64, Node v24.21.0)qwen2.5-0.5b-q4_k_m · SmolLM2-360M-Instruct-Q8_0 · TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat-Q4_K_M3 models × 5 questions. The recorded per-answer times sum to 27.8 s. qwen2.5-0.5b 5/5, SmolLM2-360M 3/5, TinyLlama-1.1B 2.5/5.docs/tests/local-document-qa/runs/2026-10-09T11-33-10-310Z.json
2026-10-09T12:19Zllama.cpp llama-server (build b11429-d81235049)
The record's runtime_version field is empty.
qwen2.5-0.5b · SmolLM2-360M · TinyLlama-1.1B
The same three models as GGUF files.
The same three models through an independent runtime. 14 of the 15 answers are byte-identical to the Ollama run. The recorded per-answer times sum to 9.1 s.docs/tests/local-document-qa/runs-llamacpp/2026-10-09T12-19-04-079Z.json

What the runs show

Failures that were kept

What this does not show

Cost. No account, no API key, no paid plan — open weights run locally. The measured cost was electricity for running the machine; no metered amount was recorded, so none is published.

Method, inputs and raw outputs

Each label is the file's path in the source repository; the link opens a byte-identical copy of it published on this site (the first entry opens the index of all copies), so the record can be read without repository access.

What was not executed

LM Studio · Jan · Open WebUI · NotebookLM · Glean

These products were not run: some need an account or a paid plan, and no document-QA run was performed with the self-hosted apps in this round either. This page reports documented behaviour for them, never a measured result.

Your next step

  1. See every tool recorded for “Questions over your own documents” in the index
  2. Compare Open WebUI and LM Studio on the recorded facts
  3. Check what switching to or from Open WebUI actually changes
  4. Spotted a stale value? Send a correction

Every link above keeps the evidence attached: the index shows each value with its source and the day it was checked.

Frequently asked questions

Does this guide rank local document tools?

No. It groups indexed products by the role they play in a private Q&A setup and assigns no scores. It reports no benchmark or quality results.

Is local document Q&A really private?

Only if every component stays local. Some so-called local apps still call a cloud model by default, and some runtimes can fetch models from the internet. Check each tool's defaults before assuming privacy.

Do I need a GPU?

Not always. Small quantised models can run on CPU, but speed and usable model size improve with more memory or a GPU. Check the tool's hardware documentation for your platform.

Can a local pipeline match a hosted answer engine?

It depends on the model, the retrieval quality and the documents. Local setups trade some convenience and model scale for control, privacy and offline operation.

How do I check an answer in a local document app?

Open the passage the answer points to and read it, rather than accepting the summary. If the app only names the document and not the passage, treat the answer as a lead. Some local apps also show which chunks were retrieved, which makes the check faster.

Related guides

Related comparisons

Sources and record dates

Record dates describe index updates, not independent product tests. Check linked documentation for current features and pricing.